Definition of "kosmotropic" []

• Describing ions (normally small, with a high charge density) that stabilize intermolecular interactions in water, especially by stabilizing hydrogen bonds (adjective)

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• "Starting with four types of xerophilic fungi (aerobic extremophiles that thrive in environments with little water), the scientists found that at 30°C the fungi grew well in the presence of both chaotropic and kosmotropic solutes, but at 1. 7°C the fungi on media supplemented with chaotropes grew better than those on kosmotropes, with some of the latter showing zero growth."
• "They then grew extremophiles on a medium supplemented with either chaotropic or kosmotropic solutes (which stabilize macromolecules rather than destabilize them)."