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One that exercises supreme, permanent authority, especially in a nation or other governmental unit, as:
(noun)
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A king, queen, or other noble person who serves as chief of state; a ruler or monarch.
(noun)
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A national governing council or committee.
(noun)
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A nation that governs territory outside its borders.
(noun)
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A gold coin formerly used in Great Britain.
(noun)
American Heritage(R) Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright (c) 2011 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.